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Top MCQ on Indian constitution with answers
1. National Green Tribunal is the appropriate forum for dealing with all cases relating to the environment, including cruelty to animals
True
False
2. The Right to Environment is a Fundamental Right enumerated under the Constitution of India
True
False
3. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 was enacted post:
Taj Trapezium case
Bhopal Gas leak case
Oleum Gas leak case
Bombay Docks explosion
4. The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment (UNCHE), 1972 was subsequent to Stockholm Declaration
False
True
Partially true
Partially false
5. Noise Pollution is regulated under the Noise Pollution Regulations, 1990
True
False
6. Chairman and Members of the State Pollution Control Board are nominated by:
Central Pollution Control Board
State Government
Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
7. The legality of concept of an ex post facto or a retrospective environmental clearance was upheld by Supreme Court in which Judgment?
Electrotherm Ltd. v. Patel, (2016) 9 SCC 300
Lafarge Umiam Mining Pvt. Ltd. v. Union of India, (2011) 7 SCC 338
Goa Foundation v. Union of India, (2005) 11 SCC 559
Common Cause v. Union of India, (2017) 9 SCC 499
8. Which case brought about establishing a ‘Green Bench’ in its Respective State High Court for the first time?
Vellore Citizens Welfare Forum V. Union of India
Sachidananda Pandey V. State of West Bengal
AP Pollution Control Board V. Nayudu
Delhi Stone Crushing Case
9. As per EIA notification, 2006 EIA cycle comprises of various stages for the prior environmental clearance process. These stages in sequential order are : Screening, Scoping, Public hearing, Appraisal, Risk Assessment
True
False
10. All projects or activities included as Category ‘A’ in the EIA notification 2006 shall require prior environmental clearance from the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) on the recommendations of an Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC)
True
False
11. The key elements of the principle of precaution includes __________.
to anticipate environmental impacts
to avoid environmental impacts
to reduce the adverse environmental impacts
All of the above
12. Laws made by the Centre pertaining to natural resources, environment and pollution-related subjects are enforced at the state level by state administrative machinery as a general rule.
True
False
13. While the states and Centre may legislate on the subjects under the concurrent list (animal welfare, forest and wildlife, etc.), the laws of the Centre should be aligned with the laws of the State.
True
False
14. It is important to bring environment under fundamental rights due to various reasons, one of which is that fundamental rights are exercisable even against the _______.
State
Citizen
Public at large
All of the above
15. The 42nd Amendment Act is of significance for environmental protection laws due to the following reasons:
Made government a public trustee of the environment
Incorporated Art. 51A(g) which puts citizens under the fundamental duty to protect and improve the environment and to have compassion for living creatures.
Redrew the status, role, responsibilities and functions of the state and the people, in relation to resources
All of the above
16. Although the Centre and states enjoy separate legislative jurisdictions, the Centre can formulate laws on subjects under State List under the following circumstances:
The matter is of national importance (Art. 249) or during proclamation of an emergency (Art. 250)
An international agreement requires the Centre to legislate on matters pertaining to State List (Art. 253)
Both a and b
The Centre cannot formulate laws only for a few states even if they give their consent or request the Parliament to do so, as majority of states should agree with the adoption of law by the Centre
17. With the enactment of specific legislations on pollution control, the pollution control boards have power for general administration under the common law.
True
False
18. The concept of _________ is a right of the government to take private property for public use by virtue of the superior dominion of the sovereign power over all lands within its jurisdiction.
Eminent domain
Communitarian Management
Decentralised Governance
None of the above
19. Which of the following cases establishes the current status of the relation of general administration and the PCBs:
Nagarjuna Paper Mills Ltd. vs V. SDM & DO, Sangareddy, 1987
Tata Tea Ltd. vs State of Kerala, 1984
Krishna Panicker vs Appukuttan Nair, 1993
Gopala vs Karnataka State Pollution Control Board, 2000
20. The Centre has the power to legislate on a subject matter under the State List.
True
False
21. The constitutional scheme of resource and environmental management presents a model which makes government the _______.
Public Trustee
Owner of all Natural Resources
None of the above
Both a and b
22. Resource governance at the grassroot level requires:
The idea of environmental stewardship within communities and individuals through statues
Local government receiving 3rd tier governance status to ensure decentralization
Governmental control over resources that were inherently managed by local communities by way of customary laws
Only a and b
23. Why is there a necessity to make environment a fundamental right?
Can be exercised even against the state
Will provide for a more effective and large-scaled solution
Remedies under existing environmental legislation are inadequate
Mere injunctive relief at primary judiciary level is insufficient
All of the above
24. The judiciary justifies formulating laws by contending that it is not merely a court of law and has the power to pass any decree or issue or order “for doing __________” under Art. 142.
Incessant justice
Complete justice
Needful justice
Public Justice
25. ________, by way of statutory judicial interpretations, expanded the scope of principles of law of torts by providing for remedy in the form injunctions and compensation.
Principles of Interpretation
Common law Principles
Civil Law Principles
None of the above
26. Which of the following is not an example of criminal law provisions regarding environment:
Public Health and Safety
Spread of Infection, food and drug adulteration
Negligent conduct as to explosive substances
None of the above
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