Get the important MCQ on the environment and sustainable development with answers. Four options are given. The answer is bold. These multiple-choice questions on Environment are very important for exams like UPSC, PSC, SSC, School Class 11th and 12th, etc;
Top MCQ on the environment and sustainable development
1. Who among the following scholars first used the term ‘ecology’?
a. Charles Darwin
b. Ernst Haeckel
c. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
d. Alfred Russel Wallace
2. Which of the following statement is true about the exponential population growth?
a. When resources are limited, populations exhibit exponential growth, resulting in a J-shaped curve
b. When resources are unlimited, populations exhibit exponential growth, resulting in a J-shaped curve
c. When resources are limited, populations exhibit exponential growth, resulting in a U-shaped curve
d. When resources are unlimited, populations exhibit exponential growth, resulting in a U-shaped curve
3. Who among following is known as “Father of the National Parks”?
a. John W. Cahn
b. John Milton
c. John Muir
d. John B. Calhoun
4. What is the focal point of the book Wilderness and the American Mind (1967)?
a. The beliefs of Americans toward the idea of wilderness
b. The beliefs of Americans toward the idea of god
c. The attitude of Americans toward the idea of wilderness
d. The attitude of Americans toward the idea of god
5. When was the Land Acquisition Act (LAA) amended?
a. 1980
b. 1984
c. 1970
d. 1985
6. What is the definition of climate change as per the Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)?
a. It refers to any change in the climate over time to natural variability
b. It refers to any change in the climate over time as a result of human activity
c. It refers to any change in the climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity
d. None of these
7. Which of the following statement is true about ecology?
It understand the relationship between living organisms
It understand the relationship of living organisms to one another and to their physical environment
It understand the relationship between living organisms and machines
None of these
8. ___________ refers to the surroundings, or the context within which humans, animals, plants and other exist.
Environment
Culture
Society
Tradition
9. Development is concerned with the ‘perception’, ‘representation’ and ‘connection’ between __________________ in stages of human & societal development
Human society
Environment
Human society and environment
Living organism
10. Economic and Human Development Index (HDI) are not merely about reducing poverty i.e. increasing GDP but includes other indicators such as:
Literacy and education
Life-expectancy, health, and social welfare, human rights
State of the environment, and the development of human capacities
All of these
11. In which year was the Earth Summit held?
1982
1992
2002
2012
12. Which of the followings are levels of organization?
Individual, population, community, ecosystem, biome, and biosphere
Individual, population, community, ecosystem
Ecosystem, biome, and biosphere
Biome and biosphere
13. Which of the following does not qualify for abiotic substances?
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Plant
Water
14. _____________ provide both a theoretical and practical basis for studying ecosystem function: hydrologic, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur.
Geochemical cycles
Biochemical cycles
Biogeochemical cycles
None of these
15. ____________ are organisms that utilize organic materials manufactured by producers.
Autotrophics
Abiotics
Saprophytic
Heterotrophics
16. What does ‘sustainable well-being’ entails?
Pursuing sustainable development to increase income
Pursuing sustainable development to decrease income inequality
Pursuing sustainable development to achieve well-being where it is absent
None of these
17. Who among the following is the author of the book Silent Spring?
Rachel Carson
Vandana Shiva
Bruce A. Wilcox
Michael E. Soulé
18. Who among the following are ‘ecological refugees’?
Unemployed people who eke out a living in the cities on the leavings of omnivores prosperity
Peasants-turned-slum dwellers who eke out a living in the cities on the leavings of omnivores prosperity
Displaced people who eke out a living in the cities on the leavings of omnivores prosperity
None of these
19. Who among the following is known as the “godmother of modern environmentalism”?
Virginia Woolf
Rachel Carson
Judith Butler
None of these
20. Which of the following was developed as the first of the modern synthetic insecticides in the 1940s.
Organophosphates
Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane
Pyrethroids
Carbamates
21. Which of the following important law/s was/were introduced to determine how the Mississippi River should be managed?
The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA), 1969
The Federal Water Pollution Control Act (FWPCA), 1972
Upper Mississippi River Management Act (UMRMA), 1986
All of these
22. In which year was the ‘First Earth Day’ created/observed?
1970
1960
1950
1940
23. In which year was the ‘Montreal Protocol’ adopted?
1987
1999
2004
2009
24. Preservation is based on American frontier ideology and notions of the environment as defined in terms of _________
Pollution
Wilderness
Climate change
Environmental justice
25. The quote: “A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity, stability, and beauty of the biotic community,” is from which of the following book?
Population Bomb
Spaceship Earth
A Sand County Almanac
Silent Spring
26. Who among the following argued that science and technology had been effectively removed from any larger policy framework and insulated from public input and opinion?
Rachel Carson
Arundhati Roy
Judith Wright
None of these
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